Charge fluctuations ine+e−annihilations

Charge fluctuations in nanoscale capacitors.

The fluctuations of the charge on an electrode contain information on the microscopic correlations within the adjacent fluid and their effect on the electronic properties of the interface. We investigate these fluctuations using molecular dynamics simulations in a constant-potential ensemble with histogram reweighting techniques. This approach offers, in particular, an efficient, accurate, and ...

Charge fluctuations and counterion condensation.

We predict a condensation phenomenon in an overall neutral system, consisting of a single charged plate and its oppositely charged counterions. Based on the "two-fluid" model, in which the counterions are divided into a "free" and a "condensed" fraction, we argue that for high surface charge, fluctuations can lead to a phase transition in which a large fraction of counterions is condensed. Furt...

Charge fluctuations in single-electron tunneling oscillations

Event by event Net Charge Fluctuations

We present analyses of event-by-event dynamical net charge fluctuations measured in130 and 200 GeV Au Au collisions with the STAR detector. The dynamical net charge fluctuations are evaluated using the ν+−,dyn observable. Dynamical fluctuations measured in Au Au collisions at 130 and 200 GeV are finite, and exceed charge conservation limits. They deviate from a perfect 1/N scaling and provide a...

Large Charge Fluctuations in Classical Coulomb Systems

The typical fluctuation of the net electric charge Q contained in a subregion A of an infinitely extended equilibrium Coulomb system is expected to grow only as x/S, where S is the surface area of A. For some cases it has been previously shown that Q/x/S has a Gaussian distribution as ]AI --* or. Here we study the probability law for larger charge fluctuations (large-deviation problem). We disc...